2022年7月23日雅思大作文真题： 

More and more people move from the countryside to big cities. Does this development bring more advantages or disadvantages to the environment? 

越来越多的人从农村搬到大城市。这种发展会给环境带来更多的好处还是坏处？

01 雅思大作文题目解析

人们从农村迁到城市，给城市环境造成了很多问题。

城市土地有限，为了给增加的人口提供住房，可能会占用公园和绿地，或者向城市周边扩张，对于人们的居住环境和生态环境会造成破坏。

此外，城市人口增加，随之而来的污染问题也不可避免，包括私家车增加造成的空气污染，以及为了创造就业而多建工厂企业，可能会排放污染物。虽然农村的人口减少，环境会变好一些，但是和城市的环境问题相比，仍然是弊端大于好处。

Disadvantages：

1. The ongoing influx（持续涌入） of new arrivals （新到来的人）is forcing the nation to exceed its “carrying capacity（容纳能力） ,” aggravating （加剧） already existed environmental pollution. For example, the increasing population will encourage the use of vehicles, with more hazardous substances（有害物质） emitted （被排放）over the use.

2. Cities are of compact size （面积紧凑）, and it will be impossible for cities to accommodate（容纳）the larger population from other small cities. The massive migration definitely increases the amount of household garbage（家庭垃圾）. However, many big cities are facing the headache of disposing domestic garbage（处理家庭垃圾的头疼问题）, as the capacity of recycling and sorting has reached the ceiling. Therefore, the only way to clear away  garbage is by means of incineration which will intensify air pollution（加剧空气污染）.

3.  In order to provide sufficient housing areas （足够的居住区域）, more high-rise buildings （高层楼房） will be built within  cities, which generate the urban heat island effect （城市热岛效应）. With the rising temperature in urban areas, they will not be the ideal habitats for many animals. Considering that, the species diversity will also be threatened.

02 雅思大作文高分范文

Better facilities for health and education as well as more promising business environment have urged people in rural areas to migrate to urban district. However, this trend, urbanization, causes a series of sever problems to natural environment and resident’s living surroundings.

First and foremost, from the perspective of natural environment, parks and green lands are replaced by residential buildings for providing sufficient housing for people. When the land in the urban area is used up, a common practice is to expand the city and reclaim more land from the suburban area. The reduction of greenery coverage and the damage to the ecological environment are unavoidable as the limited urban land resources cannot accommodate so many people who flow into the city.

Secondly, from the perspective of resident’s living surroundings, the huge city population is also responsible for various kinds of pollution. Air pollution has become a big concern that plagues city dwellers and the main source of air pollutants is the growing number of private cars. Moreover, in order to create more jobs to meet the demand for employment, many factories are built inside or around the city, and they emit waste gas into the atmosphere, polluting the water and land around them and creating a lot of noise with their machinery.

However, some may argue that with people moving from the countryside to the city, the rural area can benefit in terms of the environment. Ironically, these benefits are not comparable to the problems faced by the city. The vast space of the countryside has an advantage in cleansing the pollutants, and the pollution generated by its sparse population is much less than that in the densely populated city.

In a nut shell, though the countryside derives benefits out of this trend, the whole environment, urban surroundings in particular, suffers more from the intensified population which brings a series of sever problem to the city.

03 雅思大作文好用词汇

urbanization  城市化

accelerate  加速

migrate  移居

sufficient  足够的

use up  用完

common practice  惯例做法

greenery coverage  绿化覆盖

accommodate  容纳

be responsible for  是…的原因

plague  困扰

meet the demand  满足需求

emit  排放

comparable   可比较的

cleanse   净化

sparse  稀少的

densely-populated  人口稠密的

本文作者：申友雷哥网 - Joey老师

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