同义替换是雅思考试的核心技能，能够熟练运用同义替换的同学往往能拿到高分。在听力和阅读中，我们通过同义替换来提高解题效率，在口语和写作中，

我们通过同义替换展示表达的多样化和词汇的丰富度。为帮助大家培养这项技能，Tracy将长期为大家解读如何运用同义替换去解雅思听力和阅读题。

由于讲解主要是通过解剑桥雅思真题进行的，所以建议同学们可以先做一下每次会讲解到的文章，再来看本文的解析。

牢记：三种主要的同义替换形式：同义词替换、概括型替换（题干为细节，原文为概括总结）和解释型替换（题干为概括总结，原文为细节）。

IELTS 11 Test 1 Reading Paragraph 1

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

1. Some food plants, including      , are already grown indoors.

定位：food plants，indoors

分析：空格词性为名词，空格处要填入的内容为某种种植在室内的食物作物

原文：The concept of indoor farming is not new, since hothouse production of tomatoes and other produce has been in vogue for some time. 

答案：tomatoes（词性符合，内容符合）

要点：（1）概括型替换Some food plants are already grown indoors→indoor farming

          （2）解释型替换food plants→tomatoes

2. Vertical farms would be located in      , meaning that there would be less need to take them long distances to customers.

定位：Vertical farms，take…long distances to customers

分析：空格处词性为名词，且为地点名词，这个地点“减少了到达客户的距离”。

原文：One such proposal is for the 'Vertical Farm'…Situated in the heart of urban centers, they would drastically reduce the amount of transportation 

required to bring food to consumers. 

答案：urban centers（符合词性，符合内容）

要点：（1）同义词替换located in→Situated in；less→reduce

    （2）概括型替换long distances→the amount of transportation

3. Vertical farms could use methane from plants and animals to produce         

定位：Vertical farms，methane，plants，animals

分析：词性为名词，所填内容为垂直农业通过动植物的甲烷生产的东西。

原文：The supporters of vertical farming claim many potential advantages for the system…Although the system would consume energy, i

t would return energy to the grid via methane generation from composting non-edible parts of plants.

答案：energy（词性符合，根据句意，垂直农业可通过植物的甲烷还回能量。此处system指的就是前面的vertical farming，同学们要注意结合上下文分析）

要点：（1）同义词替换use…to→via

    （2）解释型替换methane→methane generation

4. The consumption of       would be cut because agricultural vehicles would be unnecessary.

定位：agricultural vehicles

分析：词性为名词，所填内容为某种被削减的东西，这种东西因为不需要农用车辆而被削减

原文：It would also dramatically reduce fossil fuel use, by cutting out the need for tractors, ploughs and shipping.

答案：fossil fuel（词性符合，内容符合）

要点：（1）同义词替换cut→reduce

（2）解释型替换 agricultural vehicles→tractors, ploughs and shipping；

 be unnecessary→cutting out the need

5. The fact that vertical farms would need      light is a disadvantage.

定位：vertical farms，light，disadvantage

分析：词性为名词或形容词，内容为垂直农业需要某种光，这种需要是一种劣势

原文：A major drawback of vertical farming, however, is that the plants would require artificial light. 

答案：artificial（词性符合，内容符合）

要点：同义词替换disadvantage→drawback；need→require

6. One form of vertical farming involves planting in     which are not fixed.

定位：vertical farming，planting，not fixed

分析：词性为名词，所填内容为垂直农业种植的一个地方，这个地方不是固定的

原文：One variation on vertical farming that has been developed is to grow plants in stacked trays that move on rails…This system is already in operation, 

and works well within a single-storey greenhouse with light reaching it from above: it is not certain, however, that it can be made to work without that overhead natural light.

答案：stacked trays（词性符合，内容符合）

要点：（1）同义词替换not fixed→move /not certain

    （2）解释型替换planting→grow plants

7. The most probable development is that food will be grown on      in towns and cities.

定位：food，towns and cities

分析：词性为名词，所填内容为植物种植的地方，且这个地方在城镇里。

原文：While it is possible that much of our food will be grown in skyscrapers in future, most experts currently believe it is far more likely that

 we will simply use the space available on urban rooftops.

答案：rooftops（词性符合，skyscrapers容易造成迷惑，skyscrapers确实是食物种植的地方，当请注意前面的介词on，skyscrapers前面的介词是in，

且far more likely指明了答案是后面的rooftops，同学们需要提升同义替换的灵敏度）

要点：（1）同义词替换most probable→far more likely

    （2）概括型替换towns and cities→urban

如果同学们对同义替换全解有任何问题和建议，请在微信公众号后台留言告诉我们哦，我们会不断改进内容，尽全力帮助同学们提升雅思考试技能。